Controlled variable coolant system for engines



Oct. 27, 1953 M. E. HARTZ 2,555,325

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Oct. 27, 19.53 M. E. HARTZ 2 CONTROLLED VARIABLE COQLANT SYSTEM FORENGINES Filed Dec. 6, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 IN VEN TOR.

film/ways Patented Oct. 27, 1953 CONTROLLED VARIABLE COOLANT SYSTEM FORENGINES Marvin E. Hartz, Milwaukee, Wis., Kiekhaefer Corporation, Fonddu assignor to Lac, Wis., a

corporation of Wisconsin Application December 6, 1950, Serial No.199,426 7 Claims. (01. 123-41.13)

This invention relates to water or liquid coolant cooling systems forengines and to means providing a positive controlled minimum rate offlow at low engine speeds, particularly without the use of restrictionsto fioW of coolant in the system.

The invention provides a controlled water supply system coordinated withthe speed of the engine to provide optimum cooling conditions for thedifferent operating speeds of the engine. The invention is particularlyadapted for outboard motors where restricted orifices and the like aresubject to clogging and closing by the accumulation of sand and otherforeign matter carried by the water and circulated through the motor.

The invention also provides for the cooling of the exhaust chamber oranother particular part of the engine at a relatively level rate whichis substantially independent of the controlled adjustment.

A principal object of the invention is to eliminate the possibility ofoverheating of the cylinder block while controlling within close limitsthe circulation of water through the cylinder block coolant cavity atlow speeds of the motor to maintain a minimum temperature for dependableoperation at such low speed.

A more particular object of the invention is to provide limited coolantcirculation at low speeds at a given reduced pressure and at high speedsentirely by pressure means efiected by the circulatory pump.

Another object is to assure control of the circulation automaticallywith the spark adjustment of the engine while providing full circulationof coolant to other parts of the engine.

These and other objects and advantages will be more fully set forth inthe following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention asillustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a side elevation of the upper end of an engine for anoutboard motor with parts thereof broken away and sectioned;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged side elevation of part of the engine with partsbroken away showing the interconnection of the magneto and coolantcontrol valve and several of the coolant passages;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. through the valvestem in open position in the interconnecting passage of the coolingsystem;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view showing he exhaust chamber and apart of a cylinder of the engine opening into said chamber;

Water under nominal pressure.

Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view on line 5-5 of Fig. 3 throughthe valve showing the control crank and pin operating the valve;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the cam plate carried by the magneto andoperatively engaging the valve crank pin With the latter in the closedposition shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. '7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 showing the valve crank pin in theopen position; and

Fig. 8 i a diagrammatic illustration of the cooling system.

The engine 1, shown in the drawings, is provided with the fitting 2adapted to receive a pipe for connection with a suitable supply ofcooling The pump 3 shown diagrammatically in Fig. 8 is operated byengine I connected to the shaft 4 of the pump and provides a. constantsupply of cooling water which varies with the speed of operation of theengine.

Engine I includes the cylinder block 5 having a coolant chamber 6 whichsurrounds the two combustion cylinders l. The crankcase member 8 joinedto block 5 supports the crankshaft 9 which latter carries the flywheelIll above the motor.

The magneto for engine ignition includes the rotor II and stators 12which are connected to the spark plugs l3 by suitable wires M. A timingmechanism for each stator I2 includes the cam [5 carried by crankshaft 9above rotor H and a contact breaker means l6 operated by cam 15 atpredetermined intervals corresponding with the rotation of crankshaft 9.

Breakers l6 and stators l2 are carried by the plate I? Which is mountedon the circular collar 18. Collar I8 is formed integrally wit-hcrankcase 8 and is provided with the bearing I9 supporting the upper endof the crankshaft which projects upwardly through the collar. Plate I1is supported on the rim of collar l8 and adapted to be turned or rotatedon the crankshaft centerline by the control lever l9 which is secured tothe underside of plate I! and projects forwardly of the engine.

In the operation of the engine, plate l1 when turned as with lever I 9,locates the stators l2 and breaker means I 6 with respect to rotor H andcam 15, respectively, whereby the operation of the ignition means withrelation to the crankshaft is adjusted for the desired operating speedof the engine.

The carburetor 20 for the engine includes the control cam 2| whichengages the pin 22 carried by plate ll. Adjustment of the carburetor aspredetermined by the profile of cam 2| is coordinated with theadjustment of the ignition means so that the control of the engine speedmay be effected by the movement of lever 19 alone.

The conduit 23 connects pump 3 and the lower end of the first verticalstanding passage 24 formed in block 5 as will be described. Thehorizontal passage 25 in the upper end of block 5 connects the upper endof standing passage 24 and the second standing passage 26 formed inblock 5 adjacent to and parallel with passage 24. The lower end ofpassage 26 opens through passage 2? into the lower end of chamber 6formed in blocl: 5 as described and provides for the normal delivery ofWater thereto from pump 3 through conduit 23 and passages 24, 25, and26.

The small passage 25 connecting the lower ends of the standing passages24 and 25 is provided for draining of the cylinder block of water whenthe motor i stopped and remains not in use. A nominal amount of waterpassing therethrough by-passes passages 24 and 26 and flows directlyinto chamber The amount of such water passing directly into chamber 5does not materially affect the circulation as provided by the invention.

The two vertical standing passages 24 and 26 are cored or otherwiseformed in block 5 and closed at the upper ends thereof by the plug 29pressed in the seats formed in block 5.

The discharge passage 39 in block 5 from the upper end of chamber 6therein registers with an opening in crankcase 8 and the upper end ofthe passage or drain conduit 3| which opens from the crankcase for thesuitable discharge of the water from the chamber.

The passage 32 located at the upper level of chamber 6 connects passages25 and 33 and may be drilled in block 5, as shown, and closed by theplug 33. The barrel valve 34 is seated in the upper face of block 5 tocontrol or open and close passage 32, as will be described.

Valve 3 is retained by the threaded screw plug 35 and sealed by theO-ring 36 seated in block 5. The crank 3i secured to the projecting stemof the valve carries the crank pin 38 which is disposed adjacent to andjust below plate l1. Valve 34 is adapted to open and close passage 32with a quarter turn of crank 31.

The cam-plate 39 is carried by and secured to the projections 43 on theunderside of plate 1 l and is provided with the slot 4! through whichpin 38 projects. The two arcuate sectors 42 and 43 at opposite ends ofthe slot are located with respect to the turning axis of plate I! onradii to locate pin in fully open and fully closed positions,respectively. Sectors 42 and 43 are relatively located with respect tothe quarter of turning of crank 3! so that pin 38 is actuated in thedirection of movement of plate 39 with a minimum of friction and withoutbinding.

Sector 62 is located to maintain opening of con duit 32 through acertain range of low speed adjustment and sector 43 to provide closingof conduit 32 through a range of high speed adjustment. The intermediateportion 44 of slot 4| provides a graduated opening or closing of conduit32 corresponding to the intermediate range of engine speed. 7

Valve 34 closes passage 32 at high speeds so that substantially all ofthe water passes through the cored passages 24 and 26 and all of thewater delivered by pump 3 passes through chamber 6 as described.

In engine I, each of cylinders 1 opens into the expansion chamber 45through ports 46 for the discharge of the exhaust. Chamber 45 opensdownwardly of the engine into suitable means, not shown, providingpreferably for the underwater discharge of the exhaust from the motor.

Passages 24 and 25 are cored adjacent to the exhaust chamber 45 anddrain conduit 3| is also located near chamber 45 in crankcase 8 whichcloses the recess in block 5 forming the chamber.

The circulation of water through passages 24 and 25 and conduit 31serves to prevent overheating of adjacent parts of the engine by theexhaust and to cool the exhaust for more efiicient engine operation andthe entire water delivered to the engine flows through at least one ofthe passages and conduit 3| at all speeds and independently of theadjustments of the engine. Valve 34 when open provides for the releaseof a certain part of the water delivered to the engine by pump 3 and fordischarge of that amount through drain conduit 3 1.

According to the present invention such circulation is effected byreason of the height of the column of water in passage 26 above passage30 and the upper level of chamber 6. Passage 32 opens into passage 25connecting standing passages 24 and 26 at a, level substantially abovethe level of discharge passage 36 and chamber 6.

At low speed adjustment of the engine, valve 34 is opened as described,so that the water in excess of that required to maintain passage 26filled is allowed to escape through passage 32 to discharge passage 30.The amount of water required to maintain passage 26 filled to the levelof passage 32 represents the water being circulated through passages 26and 27 and chamber 6.

The height referred to in linear measure provides a readily calculatedpositive and constant pressure efiecting circulation of water throughchamber 6 at low speeds at the required rate of flow. The pressurerequired to effect such circulation overcomes the resistance to fluidflow through relatively unrestricted passages which are not subject toclosing. The height referred to remains constant so that the pressuremay be relied on to effect and maintain a constant rate of flow.

At high speed adjustment of engine I, valve 34 is closed and the entiredelivery of pump 3 is circulated through chamber 6 as described. a

At intermediate engine speeds the rate of water delivered to the engineis reduced by the amount allowed to pass through the valve while thedifference is circulated through chamber 6 at a reduced pressure. Atintermediate speeds the water by-passing chamber 6 to discharge passage30 is controlled principally by the restriction effected by valve 34. Itshould be noted, however, that the restriction referred to does notlimit the circulation of water through chamber 6. If closed, as by anaccumulation of sand, circulation of water through chamber 6 is notdiminished, but is raised to the rate effected as when valve 34 isclosed.

The water delivered to engine by pump 3 is a ways circulated throughpassage 24 and conduit 3| to maintain the required cooling of the engineadjacent to chamber 45. In all positions of adjustment of the enginespark control lever l9 and valve 34 or speeds of the engine the propercool ing of the engine is thus assured.

The invention is particularly adapted for use in engines including acoolant circulating pump ra d y the ngine and delivering at rates whichdo n otherwise correspond with he c ol ng equirements. of t e gi a d spifica ly where the rate is in excess of the engine require.- ments atlow speeds.

Various embodiments of the inventionmay be employed within the scope ofthe following claims.

I claim:

1. In an engine having speed control means movable to high and lowspeedpositions of ad justment, a coolant chamber, a standing passageextending above the height of and adjacent to said chamber andcommunicating at its lower end with the lower level of said chamber,water supply means operated by said engine and connected with the upperend of said supply passage for delivery of water thereto during theoperation of the engine, a water discharge passage from the upper levelof said chamber, a passage connecting said discharge passage and theupper end of said standing passage at a level above said chamber, andvalve means controlling said conduit and coordinated with said speedcontrol means whereby when said control means is adjusted to a low speedposition said conduit is open to the water in said standing passage atsaid higher level and the circulation of water through said chamberobtains corresponding to the pressure effected by the water maintainedin said standing passage above said chamber and discharge passage andindependently of any greater delivery of said supply means, and whensaid control means is adjusted to a high speed position said conduit isclosed to the water delivered to said standing passage and thecirculation of Water through said chamber is directly eilected by thedelivery of said supply means.

2. In an internal-combustion engine including a cylinder block having acoolant chamber adjacent to and substantially surrounding the cylinder,a carburetor having a manual control arm for adjusting the carburetor tothe desired engine speed, a coolant supply pump operated by and at thespeed of the engine, a supply passage from said pump for the delivery ofcoolant from said pump to the lower level of said chamber, a drainpassage from the upper level of said chamber, a conduit connecting saidpassages and having at least a part thereof at or above the upper levelof said chamber, a valve'controlling said conduit, and cam meansconnecting said carburetor control arm and said valve to operate thelatter upon movement of said control arm in coordinated relationtherewith whereby when said carburetor is adjusted to a low speedposition said conduit is open to water to bypass said chamber, saidconduit having at least a part thereof at or above the upper level ofsaid chamber whereby said chamber is at least filled to such levelnotwithstanding said valve'being open.

3. In an internal-combustion engine including a cylinder block having acoolant chamber adjacent to and substantially surrounding the cylinder,a carburetor having a manual control arm for adjusting the carburetor tothe desired engine speed, a coolant supply pump operated by and at thespeed of the engine, a supply passage from said pump for the delivery ofcoolant from said pump to the lower level of said chamber, a drainpassage from the upper level of said chamber, a conduit connecting saidpassages and extending above the upper level of said chamber and drainpassage, a valve controlling said con-' duit, and cam means connectingsaid carburetor control arm and said valve to operate the latter uponmovement of said control arm in coordiate r la ion here ith" eby. when.said arburetor is adjusted to a low speedposltion said conduit is opento water to by-pass said chamber, the height of the coolant maintainedin said conduit providing circulation of water through said chamberindependently of any greater delivery of water by said pump andcirculated through said passages. l

4. In an internalscombustion engine including a cylinder block having acoolant chamber adjacent to and substantially surrounding the cylinden,a carburetor having a manual control arm for adjusting the carburetor tothe desired engine speed, a coolant supply pump operated by and at thespeed of the engine, a supply passage from Said pump for the delivery ofcoolant from said pump to the lower level of said chamber, a drainpassage from the upper level of said chamber, selectively controlled'by-pass means from said supply passage above the level of said drainpas sage and connecting with said drain passage.

and cam means connecting said carburetorcontrol arm and said valve tooperate the latter upon movement of said control arm in coordinatedrelation therewith whereby when said carburetor is adjusted to a low.speed position said conduit is open to water to by-pass said chamber,said conduit having at least a part thereof at or above the upper levelof said chamber whereby said chamber is at least filled to such levelnotwithstanding said valve being open.

5. In an internal-combustion engine including a cylinder block having acoolant chamber adjacent to and substantially surrounding the cylinder,a. carburetor having a manual control arm for adjusting the carburetorto the desired engine speed, a coolant supply pump operated by and atdelivery rates corresponding with the speed of the engine, a supplypassage from said pump for the delivery of coolant from said pump to thelower level of said chamber, a drain passage from the upper level ofsaid chamber, a conduit connecting said passages and having at least apart thereof above the upper level of said chamber, a valve controllingsaid conduit, and cam means connecting said carburetor control arm andsaid valve to operate the latter upon movement of said control arm incoordinated relation therewith whereby when said carburetor is adjustedto a low speed position said conduit is open to water to by-pass saidchamber, said conduit having at least a part thereof above the upperlevel of said chamber whereby coolant is circulated at a given ratethrough said chamber independently of any greater delivery of water bysaid pump and circulated through said passages, and when said carburetoris adjusted to a high speed position said conduit is closed and thewater delivered by said pump is entirely circulated through said chamberunder pressure.

6. In an internal-combustion engine, 2. cylinder block having a coolantchamber adjacent to and surrounding a substantial part of the cylinder,an expansion chamber formed by a part of said engine and disposed toreceive the exhaust from the engine cylinder, a coolant supply passageextending adjacent to said expansion chamber and connected to the lowerend of said coolant chamber, a coolant drain passage from the upperlevel of, said coolant chamber extending adjacent to said expansionchamber, and by-pass means selectively connecting said supply and drainpassages whereby a predetermined portion only of the coolant deliveredto the engine is circulated through said coolant chainher, said passagesbeing disposed adjacent to said expansion chamber for controlling thetemperature thereof by circulation therethrough of the entire coolantdelivered to the engine irresp ec tive of the portion circulated throughsaid coolant chamber.

7. In an internal-combustion engine including a cylinder block having anexpansion chamber adjacent to the cylinder to receive the exhausttherefrom and a coolant chamber adjacent to and substantiallysurrounding the cylinder, a carburetor having a manual control arm foradjusting the carburetor to the desired engine speed, a coolant supplypump operated by and at the speed of the engine, a supply passage fromsaid pump for the delivery of coolant from said pump to the lower levelof said chamber, a drain passage from the upper level of said chamber,said passages extendin adjacent to said expansion chamber whereby thecoolant circulated therethrough controls the temperature of the adjacentparts of said engine, a conduit connecting said passages, a valvecontrolling said conduit, and

cam means connecting said carburetor control arm and said valve tooperate the latter upon movement of said control arm in coordinatedrelation therewith whereby when said carburetor is adjusted to alow-speed position said conduit is open to water to by-pass saidchamber, said conduit extending substantially above the upper level ofsaid chamber whereby circulation of coolant through said chamber iseifected by reason of the standing said valve being open, and when saidcarburetor is adjusted to a high-speed position said conduit is closedand the water delivered by said pump is entirely circulated through saidchamber under pressure.

MARVIN E. HARTZ.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 1,361,033 Ericson Dec. 7. 1920 1,595,433 Vincent Aug. 10, 19261,651,156 Rushmore Nov. 29, 1927 2,277,113 Kimmel Mar. 24, 19422,445,684 Mallory July 20, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date109,914 Great Britain Oct. 4, 1917 565,705 France Nov. 10, 1923

